Hamlet, A Tragic Hero - 1003 Words

Hero’s are defined by the actions they take, but they either live to see there fall or die heroically. One of shakespheres most memorable tragic hero’s Hamlet is the definition of a tragic hero. In the book, Hamlet, Shakespeare’s character hamlet is determined on killing his uncle the king. This goal proves to be challenging to him due to his morals. He often struggles with this throughout the book. This proves to be his downfall for not deciding to kill the king until the very end. A tragic hero has to have a fatal flaw that, combined with fate, brings tragedy. This is one of the key characteristics of a tragic hero. He had many chances to kill the king, but due to his inner turmoil he allows adversity to build up against him. This leads†¦show more content†¦Hamlet may have flaws, but these are the things that make him such a memorable character. Although he makes many mistakes, some are more important than others. Hamlet makes many errors in his strugg le, but the largest flaw is his inner conflicts. His inner conflicts often make him doubt his father’s wishes: To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep— †¨ No more—and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, tis a consummation Devoutly to be wishd. To die, to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, theres the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause: theres the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressors wrong, the proud mans contumely, The pangs of despised love, the laws delay, The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something a fter death. (3.1.56-78) ThisShow MoreRelatedHamlet As A Tragic Hero850 Words   |  4 Pagesas a hero if they revenge? Well In the novel Hamlet the author, William Shakespeare creates tragic events where his main character Hamlet has to overcome to achieve his goal of killing his evil uncle Claudius. â€Å"In life one has to do bad thing in order to be a hero,the hero also has to make sacrifices in order to be successful† (John Barrowman). In Shakespeare Hamlet, should hamlet be considered a tragic hero judging by him following the hero steps. Shakespeare proves that Hamlet was a tragic heroRead MoreHamlet As A Tragic Hero1071 Words   |  5 Pages Hamlet as a Tragic Hero The Webster dictionary defines tragedy as, â€Å"a serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and a superior force and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that excites pity or terror.† (Webster Dictionary) So a tragic hero is a character who goes through a conflict and suffers catastrophically as a direct result of his choices. You will see throughout this story that the character Hamlet is a clear example of Shakespeare’s tragic hero. ShakespeareRead MoreHamlet : A Tragic Hero995 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet: A Tragic Hero William Shakespeare is known through the ages as a brilliant playwright. He has written several comedies and tragedies that people have loved through decades. Shakespeare’s plays have been interpreted in many different ways and have been debated on which interpretation is correct. Some of these included even the basis of the character’s persona. In the Shakespearean tragedy Hamlet, the main protagonist, Prince Hamlet, is fated by the ghost of his late father that, becauseRead MoreHamlet as a Tragic Hero2505 Words   |  11 Pagesterror. A tragic hero, therefore, is the character who experiences such a conflict and suffers catastrophically as a result of his choices and related actions. The character of Hamlet is a clear representation of Shakespeares tragic hero, as he possesses all the necessary characteristics of such a hero. Hamlet is seen as a tragic hero as he has doomed others because of a serious error in judgment, also Hamlet is responsible for his own fat e and Hamlet has been endowed with a tragic flaw. TheseRead MoreHamlet As A Tragic Hero1305 Words   |  6 Pages Sympathy is a feeling of sorrow, pity, or understanding of someone else’s misfortune. Hamlet, in this case, is the tragic hero due to many different sources that cause the reader to have an immense amount of sympathy for him. A series of events such as murder, failed relationships, and all the madness, created the feeling of sympathy from the audience. These specific sources cause the reader to see the development of the overall themes of deceit, justice, and revenge. Deceit is one of the mainRead MoreHamlet; Tragic Hero3618 Words   |  15 Pages Hamlet; The Tragic Hero            Ã‚  Ã‚      In many plays there is always one person that is the tragic hero. They always possess some type of tragic flaw that in turn leads to their tragic deaths. In the Shakespearean play Hamlet the main character Hamlet is considered to be a tragic hero. By carefully analyzing the Shakespearean play Hamlet one can debate whether the main character Hamlet is a tragic hero. Although it is debatable whether or not Hamlet is a tragic hero, one wouldRead MoreIs Hamlet A Tragic Hero Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesTo be, or not to be: a hero. That is the question often asked of William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet: whether Hamlet II, Prince of Denmark, can be considered a hero. Throughout the play Hamlet proves himself to be a hero, although different from the usual sense of one. Hamlet is a tragic hero, â€Å"a great or virtuous character . . . who is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat . . . who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw tha t, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedyRead MoreHamlet As The Tragic Hero Of The Play Hamlet 1314 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to better understand Hamlet one must first asses, and define man. According to webster dictionary a man is a male often having the qualities associated with bravery,script or toughness(site webster dictionary www.define a man.com here). We know the male figure is known to exhibit distinctive male traits such as strength, dignity, courage and be a provider and supporter. As seen in Hamlet one must understand the male figure to better understand Hamlet and why the male behave in such waysRead MoreHamlet: A Tragic Hero Essays697 Words   |  3 Pagestragedy of Hamlet, Shakespeare’s most popular and greatest tragedy, presents his genius as a playwright and includes many numbers of themes and literary techniques. In all tragedies, the main character, called a tragic hero, suffers and usually dies at the end. Prince Hamlet is a m odel example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Every tragedy must have a tragic hero. A tragic hero must own many good traits, but has a flaw that ultimately leads to his downfall. If not for this tragic flaw, the hero would beRead More Hamlet: A Tragic Hero Essays873 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"A tragic flaw is an error or defect in the tragic hero that leads to his downfall.† (http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/literature/bedlit/glossary_t.htm) In the history of literature, if the question of who was the most indecisive character was brought up, Hamlet would be a prime candidate. Hamlet had numerous chances to reap revenge for his father’s death but was only able to follow through after the accidental murder of his mother. Hamlet’s inability to make a decision ultimately leads to his demise

Managing Financial Resources and Decision Planning in France

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Managing Financial Resources and Decision? Answer: Identification of different sources of finance available to Green Supplies Ltd: Green Supplies Limited Company is a small private firm, engaged in the online business and supplies fitness products, especially ranges of sport goods and equipments. The Celtic Group is very much interested to invest into the expansion process of Green Supplies Limited. The company has already researched that all internet related businesses would be profitable in the near future. However, Green supplies should also explore other funding options and choose the best suitable one for this. The fund can be raised through the combination of internal and external sources of finance. The company could consider the internal source of finance like the balance of retained earnings because they are liquid. Retained earnings are the section of net income that Greens supplies has reserved so far and not paid out (Fraser, Bhaumik and Wright 2015). Another internal source of finance is the current assets of the company. Current assets are incorporating cash or anything, which can easily be convert ed into the liquid cash. If this internet business provider, for example, has stock holdings in other companies, that may be used as a source of finance and utilized it in the expansion process (Vuong 2014). However, if the company is not looking for quick business expansion, they can use their fixed assets as a source of finance as well. In addition, the personal savings are the backbone of many small businesses like Green Supplies Limited. If the company does not have the assets to invest, personal finance still can contribute to the business. Therefore, the company has few internal sources of finance: Owners investment (additional or start-up capital), retained profits, sale of stock, sale of fixed assets and debt collection (Lee, Sameen and Cowling 2015). Apart from these internal sources, there are many external sources of finance of Green Supplies. The money can be borrowed from bank at an agreed rate of interest over the specified time (Covas and Den Haan 2012). However, this can be expensive due to interest payments. For this concern, they can consider additional partners dealing for their new business expansion. The additional contribution by the new partner would be suitable for the small businesses. Here the company can consider the appropriateness of the new deal with the Celtic Group. Furthermore, leasing is another option for external source for finance (Corsatea, Giaccaria and Arntegui 2014). Leasing is like a renting an asset. Green Supplies can have the use of up to date equipments instantly. Other options like hire purchase or mortgage, which is a loan, secured on property can also be considered for long-term source of finance. Assessment the implications and consequences of different sources of finance: The portion of liquid amount, which comes from the owners own saving, is the most risk free internal source of finance. Retained profit is only possible when earnings made are ploughed back into the business. The legal consequence is less in case of retained earnings because there is no interest payable. In addition, the sale of fixed assets is a good suggestion to raise finance. Here, those assets are only considered which is no longer needed for an entity. Nevertheless, it is a slow method of raising finance. On the other hand, bank loan, the external source, can be costly due to high rate of interest. Sometimes bank may call for security on the loan. Bank overdraft may be considered as a funding option of the business of Green supplies is authorized to be withdrawn on its account. It indicates that they can still have the legal authority to write cheques, even if they do not have enough money in the account. However, this will be treated as short-term source of finance. If it used in short-term basis, then it would be cheaper than a bank loan. In addition, the dealing with additional company like The Celtic Group may dilute the control of the partnership because in that case, the profits will be split more ways. Moreover, the share issue option would also be considered for financing because this is suitable for a limited company where profits will be shared out as dividends to more shareholders. After taking this option, the company could face the changes of ownership. At the current situation, hire purchase and leasing option would not be suitable for Green supplies because both options are expensive. Generally, the assets of the company would belong to the finance company after leasing. Furthermore, this small company may face difficulties in case of making repayments. In case of funding through mortgage, the risk of repayment cannot be ignored. If company does not repay the amount, the property of Green supplies may be repossessed. In case of internal source of finance, Green Supplies limited should consider the owners investment or personal savings. This type of source of finance does not have to be repaid and thus, interest is not payable. However, Green Supplies owner can invest his fund, which is a limited source of finance. The amount of debt collection can also be used in this business expansion plan (Covas, F. and Den Haan 2012). The additional cost is not required in investing such finance. It is a part of the trading businesss natural operations. However, there is a risk that debts owned could go bad which cannot be repaid later. In case of external sources, issuing share would be the appropriate option for raising fund. A business does not bother about repayment but profits will be paid out as dividend to their shareholders (Fraser, Bhaumik and Wright 2015). It means Green supplies will earn after the amount received by the shareholders. However, issuing shares is the most appropriate source for long- term finance apart from the chosen internal sources. The chosen share issue option is the most suitable for raising finance for the concerned business expansion process. Green Supplies should not invest must for this. There is no interest is payable. Involvement of issuing more shares will be taken in the liability side of the balance sheet under the share capital. The share capital will be increased at the fiscal years end. The amount of loss or profit of sale of assets would be shown in the profit and loss statement whereas the interest should be recorded as expense in the income statement of Green Supplies Limited. Financial planning is required to take decisions regarding how much money to spend, on what to use according to the funds at Green Supplies disposal, in advance. A typical financial planning includes: i) Determination of sources of funds ii) It is required to identify the suitable policies for appropriate utilization and administration of funds (Lusardi and Mitchell 2013) iii) Ascertain the amount of finance required by the organisation for doing operation seamlessly (Arrondel, Debbich and Savignac 2013). Figure1: Importance of financial planning (Source: Board 2015) The financial planning process starts with determination of total capital requirement of Green Supplies by financial managers. Here the consultation of financial advisor is required. An effective financial planning incorporates the sales forecast of the business and other guidelines of the future period like to enhance its production capacity which indicates more long term funds into their financial plan (Gaskill, Van Auken and Kim 2015). Add to in sales and higher level of production will require higher working and fixed capital of Green Supplies. All these aspects need to take care by an effective financial planning process and ensure the success of the business in the long run. Therefore, financial planning helps to identify long-term and short-term financial goals and establish a fair plan to achieve those business objectives. Here are few significant reasons which will directly influence Green Supplies Limited to get its success. Income: It is impossible to manage income effectively without a proper planning (McKinney 2015). Managing it resourcefully helps the organisation to recognize how much money will require for tax payments, savings and other monthly expenditure. Cash flow: Improved cash flow position can be possible by carefully evaluating the spending patterns and expenses. Prudent spending, tax planning and cautious budgeting will help to keep a stable financial condition. Capital: By the indication of increased cash flows, financial advisor of Green supplies take a suitable decision regarding how to increase its capital. Financial security: Providing a security financially is essential part of the financial planning process (Gaskill, Van Auken and Kim 2015). Having the suitable coverage by insurance and guarding business operational activities of Green Supplies with the help of appropriate policies is an important step of the financial planning process. Cost control: With the help of financial planning, Green Supplies limited can take action from improving control of the entitys expenses. Assets: The real value of the assets needs to be determined with the help of effective financial planning process. The knowledge of allowing or not taking into the liabilities comes with the considerate approach through the finance. Financial planning will help to assemble assets that dont become a trouble in the future. Investment: An accurate financial plan considers the consequences of the business, understands the spending patterns and helps to identify the risk tolerance of any business (Elsas, Flannery and Garfinkel 2014). For future unforeseen events, the provision for some investments needs to be incorporate in the financial planning process which provides any business a high liquidity. Therefore, it is important to assess the financial planning effectively and ensure the success of Green Supplies Ltd maintaining all the above mentioned aspects of the financial planning. c) Equity finance or capital investment appears in the balance sheet as a component of net worth or owners equity (LeblebicioÄÅ ¸lu and Madariaga 2015). The portion of equity finance will be added up as an additional paid up capital. With this, the value of the business will increase so as the balance sheet figure of the organisation for a specified period. On the other hand, securing loans indicates that Green supplies are acquiring additional resources economically through incurring the obligations to creditors. It means that there is an increase in assets with consequent increase to the obligations of the business to others. CASH BUDGET for four months ending Sep 2015 Particulars June July August September Receipt: Beginning Cash balance 75000 -295000 -275000 -240000 cash sales 60000 70000 75000 85000 Debtors 550000 630000 770000 Tatal (A) 135000 325000 430000 615000 Payments: cash purchase 310000 450000 500000 520000 Creditors 55000 65000 60000 prepaid rent 30000 30000 Other expenses 75000 80000 90000 95000 repayment of loan 15000 15000 15000 15000 Tatal (B) 430000 600000 670000 720000 Closing balance (A-B) -295000 -275000 -240000 -105000 (Refer to excel) (Source: created by author) i) Selling price estimation 30% mark of cost = 325 pounds Therefore, Profit per unit(Sales-variable costs-fixed costs)= 325-250 pounds Profit per unit= 75 pounds For 550 units, the profit would be 75550= 41250 pounds ii) After 550 units, the fixed cost would be fully recovered. Therefore, selling price would be calculated only on variable cost selling price= 187.5 pounds per unit Profit=187.5-150= 37.5 per units Profit on additional 1500 units sold would be = 150037.5 pounds 56250 pounds (Refer to excel) (Source: Created by author) NPV calculation Particulars Project A Project B Project C Cash flow year 1 31815 45450 36360 year 2 37170 41300 41300 year 3 41305 37550 41305 year 4 44395 34150 44395 Total cash flow 154685 158450 163360 less: initial investment 130000 150000 190000 NPV 24685 8450 -26640 Payback period calculation Particulars Project A Project B Project C payback period (Initial investment/cash inflow) 0.840418 0.946671 1.163075 (Refer to excel) (Source: created by author) As per the calculation, project A would be recommended because project A has the highest positive NPV and it also has the minimum payback period to recover its cost of such investment. The main financial statements produced by a business are the balance sheet, cash flow statement, income statement and the statement of changes in shareholders equity (Healy and Palepu 2012). Financial statement represents the financial health of the business. Here the statement of financial position is displayed by the companys balance sheet. It is comprised with the total assets, liabilities and the balance of equity. The assets on the balance sheet are classified into current and fixed assets. With the figure of the shareholders equity in the liability side of the balance sheet represents the value of the business in a fixed period. The basic components of an income statement are expenses, profits and revenues. It this statement indicates that the business expenses exceed the revenues, and then it should be understood that the company incur losses during a specified period (Brigham and Ehrhardt 2013). On the other hand, the cash inflows and outflows of the business are recorded in the statement of cash flows where all the business activities are categorized into three parts. It included the operating activities, the financial activities and the investing activities. Therefore, the all items that affect the cash balance are listed in this statement. Lastly, the changes in owners equity or partners equity are recorded in the statement of owners equity for a particular period of time. The various patterns of financial statements (Income statement and balance sheet) are maintained for different types of business such as sole proprietorship, limited company and so on (Iacoviello 2015). Each business will have distinct economic sectors so different financial statements have been used to satisfy the unique format of those sectors. In the sole proprietorship business, the simple financial statement is followed because the report is just allocating for the owner of the company (Brooks and Mukherjee 2013). It may not require maintaining the income statement and the balance sheet because balance sheet show only one capital account which belongs to the individual owner. Here, the profit and loss account is sufficient for sole traders compared to the public limited liability company which will have to prepare following the principle of IFRS and GAAP (Srivastava and Mock 2013). It is required to maintain such standards while preparing such accounting statements of the compan y; otherwise it will not be possible to compare with other organisations (Bentley, Omer and Sharp 2013). For limited company, the liabilities, non-current and current assets, profits, sales, cost relating to income tax payable amount and the per share capital must be incorporated in their financial statements. Ratio calculation: Whole sale business Retail business Financial Ratios i) Gross profit margin(gross profit/sales) 27.27272727 26.66666667 ii) Net profit margin(Net profit/sales) 15.45454545 16.66666667 iii) Current ratio(current assets/current liabilities) 1.619354839 1.718644068 iv) Quick ratio(current assets- inventory/ current liabilities) 0.703225806 0.915254237 v) Gearing ratio(Total liabilities/ Total shareholder's equity or capital employed) 73.14814815 70.58823529 (Refer to excel) (Source: Created by Author) According to the general perspective, the wholesale business is generating more revenue compare to the retail business. The sales volume is much higher than the retail business and the gross profit margin also better than the other one. However, the financial ratios of both the businesses are shown different picture. The retail business is having a better liquidity position because both the current assets ratio and the quick ratio are better than the wholesale business. It means that the short term liabilities can easily be mitigated with the use of liquid assets of the retail business. In addition, a high gearing ratio means a great deal of leverage where the business is using debt to pay for its regular business operation (Kaplan and Atkinson 2015). In other words, a higher gearing ratio considered the fact that the business is risky. The retail business is less risky than the whole sale business. Therefore, more investors will be interested to invest into the retail business rathe r than the wholesale business. In this way, it has been found that the retail business is better option for investment compare the wholesale business. References: Arrondel, L., Debbich, M. and Savignac, F., 2013. Financial literacy and financial planning in France. Numeracy, 6(2), p.8. Bentley, K.A., Omer, T.C. and Sharp, N.Y., 2013. Business strategy, financial reporting irregularities, and audit effort. Contemporary Accounting Research, 30(2), pp.780-817. Board, C.F.P., 2015. CFP Board Financial Planning Competency Handbook. John Wiley Sons. Brigham, E. and Ehrhardt, M., 2013. Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brooks, R. and Mukherjee, A.K., 2013. Financial management: core concepts. Pearson. Corsatea, T.D., Giaccaria, S. and Arntegui, R.L., 2014. The role of sources of finance on the development of wind technology. Renewable Energy, 66, pp.140-149. Covas, F. and Den Haan, W.J., 2012. The Role of Debt and Equity Finance Over the Business Cycle*. The Economic Journal, 122(565), pp.1262-1286. Elsas, R., Flannery, M.J. and Garfinkel, J.A., 2014. Financing major investments: information about capital structure decisions. Review of Finance, 18(4), pp.1341-1386. Fraser, S., Bhaumik, S.K. and Wright, M., 2015. What do we know about entrepreneurial finance and its relationship with growth?. International Small Business Journal, 33(1), pp.70-88. Gaskill, L.R., Van Auken, H.E. and Kim, H.S., 2015. Impact of operational planning on small business retail performance. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 5(1), pp.21-36. Healy, P. and Palepu, K., 2012. Business Analysis Valuation: Using Financial Statements. Cengage Learning. Iacoviello, M., 2015. Financial business cycles. Review of Economic Dynamics, 18(1), pp.140-163. Kaplan, R.S. and Atkinson, A.A., 2015. Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. LeblebicioÄÅ ¸lu, A. and Madariaga, J., 2015. Financial Flows, Composition of Capital, and Growth. IMF Economic Review, 63(2), pp.325-352. Lee, N., Sameen, H. and Cowling, M., 2015. Access to finance for innovative SMEs since the financial crisis. Research policy, 44(2), pp.370-380. Lusardi, A. and Mitchell, O.S., 2013. The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence (No. w18952). National Bureau of Economic Research. McKinney, J.B., 2015. Effective financial management in public and nonprofit agencies. ABC-CLIO. Srivastava, R.P. and Mock, T.J. eds., 2013. Belief functions in business decisions (Vol. 88). Physica. Vuong, Q.H., 2014. Operational scales, sources of finance, and firms performance: evidence from Vietnamese longitudinal data.